Dr. Erin Leonard (Principal Investigator)

My research focuses on the ecotoxicology and physiology of animals in the Anthropocene. The Anthropocene marks the commencement of significant human impact on Earth's ecosystems. Aquatic animals (insects, molluscs, and fish) are overwhelmed with environmental stressors such as climate change, increased nutrient levels, pollution, acidification, and invasive species. My research aims to understand how the physiology of these animals are impacted by these stressors and the interplay of mulitple stressors, predict the impacts of short- and long-term environmental change on aquatic communities and create solutions to help them continue to thrive. I use a multidisciplinary approach comprised of core techniques in biology, physiology, toxicology, electrophysiology, calcium imaging, chemistry and biogeochemistry. Some of my research supports the development of regulatory tools to determine safe levels of contaminants in aquatic environments.

The Team

Dr. Andrew Thompson - Post Doctoral Researcher

Andrew is working to understand how metal exposure can impact the development and function of Arctic relevant models such as lake whitefish and Arctic char. He uses a blend of techniques ranging from whole animal to molecular approaches, to describe the endocrinology, sensory biology, and behaviour of these animals at critical life stages.

Olena Kuntyj - PhD Candidate

Abbeneet Binning Bath - PhD Student

Natalie Nykamp - PhD Student

Natalie is assessing the effects of copper toxicity on Arctic char at critical early-life stages. Her research is focused on comparing temperate and Arctic species sensitivity, looking at how multiple environmental stressors, such as hypoxia and increased temperature, influence toxicity. Her PhD works towards the development of Arctic-relevant water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life.

Samantha Zulian - PhD Student

Samantha is investigating the risks of lead-based recreational fishing and hunting gear to aquatic ecosystems. Littered recreational gear poses a risk to the environment by increasing dissolved lead. Since lead is a non-essential toxic metal, small elevations in concentration can have detrimental effects. Developing a greater understanding of the transformation, dissolution of lead gear into aquatic environments, and the potential bioaccumulation to various life stages in fish can inform sustainable management of these recreational industries.

Sabrina St-Hilaire - PhD Student

Sabrina is assessing the ecological risks associated with rare earth elements (REEs) in the Canadian Arctic. Invertebrates and fish in the Arctic have physiological adaptations to survive the extreme cold, such as slower metabolism and detoxification of toxins, which may cause them to be more susceptible to contaminants in the environment. As REE mining activity increases in Canada, her PhD aims to understand how these metals are affecting Arctic ecosystems, and how we can work to protect them.

Mustajab Khalid - MSc Student

Mustajab is investigating the toxicity, bioavailability, and metal-gill binding affinity of trivalent metals (REEs) in temperate and Arctic fish species to improve understanding of species-specific sensitivity and water chemistry-mediated metal bioavailability.

Madeleine is investigating the toxicity, bioaccumulation, and metabolic effects of platinum in freshwater invertebrates by integrating ecotoxicology and metabolomics to better understand the mechanisms underlying platinum toxicity and generate scientific evidence to support environmental risk assessment and the protection of aquatic ecosystems.

Madeleine Kim - MSc Student

Lab Alumni

MSc Students

Sabrina St-Hilaire (2023-2025) (co-supervised by Dr. Ève Gilroy) - Investigating the effects of lead fishing gear on a freshwater snail (Planorbella pilsbryi) using a multigenerational and multi-omic approach

Honours Thesis Students

Alexis Dimitropolous (2025-2026) - The effects of temperature and metals on the eye function in northern fish

Lauren Best (2025-2026) (co-supervised by Dr. Jim McGeer) - Modelling neodymium bioavailability by assessing speciation and gill uptake in Arctic char

Mustajab Khalid (2024-2025) - Effects of antidepressants on behaviour and time to LOE in rainbow trout

Natalie Nykamp (2023-2024) - Effects of lead and nickel on a fish’s ability to regulate environmental oxygen

Sabrina St-Hilaire (2022-2023) - Investigating the effects of lead fishing gear on Daphnia magna

Katia Kent (2021-2022) (co-supervised by Dr. Jim McGeer) - Do rare earth elements interfere with a fish’s ability to regulate oxygen?

Directed Studies Students

Alexis Dimitropolous (2025) - Morphological effects on Arctic char larvae exposed to copper and neodymium

Brooklyn Gawthorn (2024) - Chronic lithium toxicity to Daphnia magna

Kaelan Kong (2023-2024) - Lithium toxicity to Daphnia magna

Isaac Beckford (2024) - Behavioural effect of lead, nickel, and hypoxia on fathead minnows

Prapti Parkeh (2023) - Effects of temperature on Daphnia magna toxicity to NaCl

Guntas Khular (2023) - Effects of temperature on NaCl toxicity

Natalie Nykamp (2022) - Effects of neodymium on fathead minnow ventilation and gill bioaccumulation

Sabrina St-Hilaire (2022) - Effects of recreational fishing gear on Daphnia magna and lead bioaccumulation in fishing areas in Ontario

Summer Research Students (NSERC USRA)

Lauren Best (2025)

Natalie Nykamp (2024)

Sabrina St-Hilaire (2023)

Fiona Weaver (2021-2022) - Evaluated developmental changes in brown adipose tissue, carotid bodies and their abilities to sense and react to stimuli and exploring the intricate communication pathways between varying cell types such as neurons and glial cells

Research Assistants